n56yc
New Member
Posts: 9
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Post by n56yc on Jan 19, 2021 20:34:57 GMT
The CHT indictator gets pegged and will not drop regardless of IAS, throttle, or mixture setting. Even while cruising at 100 IAS at 6000' and rich mixture for a while it will not come down to a normal range. The 1981 Long-EZ manual with an O-235 engine states that the max. CHT temp is 500F and the CHT is pegged above that. Also, why put in a single CHT indicator? CHT can only read a single cylinder temperature and is too slow to react to changes to be useful for mixture setting. If there's only going to be a single indicator, wouldn't EGT be preferable?
Oil temp seems about right, running a little above the mid point on the indicator but should probably be tweaked slightly. POH values are: 245F max, 180F desired, 170F min continuous. The desired setting would be at the recommended 75% cruise power.
Is there anything a user can change in airplane maker to adjust these values?
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Post by VSL-Admin on Jan 19, 2021 22:58:40 GMT
The CHT indictator gets pegged and will not drop regardless of IAS, throttle, or mixture setting. Even while cruising at 100 IAS at 6000' and rich mixture for a while it will not come down to a normal range. The 1981 Long-EZ manual with an O-235 engine states that the max. CHT temp is 500F and the CHT is pegged above that. Also, why put in a single CHT indicator? CHT can only read a single cylinder temperature and is too slow to react to changes to be useful for mixture setting. If there's only going to be a single indicator, wouldn't EGT be preferable?
Oil temp seems about right, running a little above the mid point on the indicator but should probably be tweaked slightly. POH values are: 245F max, 180F desired, 170F min continuous. The desired setting would be at the recommended 75% cruise power.
Is there anything a user can change in airplane maker to adjust these values?
Hi there! CHT behavior:
OK! Just completed a flight...nice day, 15 degrees C at sea level. Took off, climbed to 6,000 feet, 120 knots, stressed the engine with lean mixture quite intensively, trying to get high temps (although not recommended for a normal climb...). During the climb, CHT increased slowly to about 195 degrees C (383 F). At 6,000 feet, acceleration to 140 knots IAS, noticeable drop in CHT was observed, still leaned engine. Enriching the mixture reduced CHT even more, got stable in the heart of the normal range, and throughout the process did not exceed the upper limit. CHT looks and performs as expected and within the normal range under normal conditions. I recommend to verify that you are flying in the experimental flight model environment (should be enabled automatically with aircraft loading). CHT vs EGT when leaning:
This issue may go deep into a long and professional discussion...but for now I will try to keep it short... When adjusting the mixture, in general, CHT indication reflects the internal cylinder pressure as close as possible. Using EGT for leaning is possible of course, but it is not mandatory, and many pilots are not using the "peak EGT" method for leaning, for various reasons (mainly because it stress the engine and less accurate in the various phases of flight). There are many aircraft with reciprocating engines that do not include EGT indication in the cockpit. Not all aircraft are equipped with EGT gauges. One of the common practices for leaning is based on RPM minotoring, along with MP, Fuel Flow and CHT monitoring. Here are the highlights/recommendations of leaning a normally aspired engines, as recommended by Lycoming, under the 'Leaning Lycoming Engines' section in their website:
- Full-rich mixture during takeoff or climb.
- For cruise powers where best power mixture is allowed, slowly lean the mixture from full rich to maximum power. Best power mixture operation provides the most miles per hour for a given power setting. For engines equipped with fixed-pitch propellers, gradually lean the mixture until either the tachometer or the airspeed indicator reading peaks. For engines equipped with controllable pitch propellers, lean until a slight increase of airspeed is noted.
- For a given power setting, best economy mixture provides the most miles per gallon. Slowly lean the mixture until engine operation becomes rough or until engine power rapidly diminishes as noted by an undesirable decrease in airspeed. When either condition occurs, enrich the mixture sufficiently to obtain an evenly firing engine or to regain most of the lost airspeed or engine RPM. Some engine power and airspeed must be sacrificed to gain a best economy mixture setting. NOTE: When leaned, engine roughness is caused by misfiring due to a lean fuel/air mixture which will not support combustion. Roughness is eliminated by enriching slightly until the engine is smooth.
- (not mandatory and dependent on specific aircraft instrumentation): The exhaust gas temperature (EGT) offers little improvement in leaning the float-type carburetor over the procedures outlined above because of imperfect mixture distribution. However, if the EGT probe is installed, lean the mixture to 100˚ F on the rich side of peak EGT for best power operation. For best economy cruise, operate at peak EGT. If roughness is encountered, enrich the mixture slightly for smooth engine operation.
The actual page can be found here: www.lycoming.com/content/leaning-lycoming-enginesThe approach in the VSKYLABS LongEZ Project was based on this recommendation, and it is also noted in the VSKYLABS LongEZ POH as a part of the original text, and in an additional information regarding the VSKYLABS LongEZ. The original POH (in which the VSKYLABS POH is built around) is instructing to lean the engine using RPM management (page 14, 'Cruise' section). On that paragraph, EGT is being mentioned as a *result* of the leaning by RPM process; In page 58, there is a chart for cruise segment range nautical miles peak EGT mixture. This chart indicates also the power, airspeed and fuel flow (gal/hr) for various conditions (a,b,c in the chart). This whole data set is needed to set the best mixture for speed or range, and leaning with the simplify "peak EGT" method is not accurate enough. CHT measurement:Obviously, not all cylinder heads has equal cylinder temperature. This is because of various aspects, airflow, engine mounting aspects and so forth. Some aircraft has multi-cylinder CHT monitoring instrumentation (where you see all the cylinders temps at once with the use of bars etc...). However, many piston engine aircraft are equipped with a single CHT analog gauge which is indeed monitoring a single cylinder (if I recall...call it "Factory Probe"). There are pilots/aircraft owners who installs separate probes and dedicated electronic multi CHT gauge. But it is not so common... That was a long reply...hopefully useful! Let me know if you have further questions and of course feel free to continue this discussion
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